# The MIT License (MIT)
#
# Copyright (c) 2017 ladyada for Adafruit Industries
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.
"""
`adafruit_bmp280` - Adafruit BMP280 - Temperature & Barometic Pressure Sensor
===============================================================================
CircuitPython driver from BMP280 Temperature and Barometic Pressure sensor
* Author(s): ladyada
"""
import math
from time import sleep
try:
import struct
except ImportError:
import ustruct as struct
from micropython import const
__version__ = "0.0.0-auto.0"
__repo__ = "https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_BMP280.git"
# I2C ADDRESS/BITS/SETTINGS
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
_CHIP_ID = const(0x58)
_REGISTER_CHIPID = const(0xD0)
_REGISTER_DIG_T1 = const(0x88)
_REGISTER_SOFTRESET = const(0xE0)
_REGISTER_STATUS = const(0xF3)
_REGISTER_CTRL_MEAS = const(0xF4)
_REGISTER_CONFIG = const(0xF5)
_REGISTER_PRESSUREDATA = const(0xF7)
_REGISTER_TEMPDATA = const(0xFA)
_BMP280_PRESSURE_MIN_HPA = const(300)
_BMP280_PRESSURE_MAX_HPA = const(1100)
"""iir_filter values"""
IIR_FILTER_DISABLE = const(0)
IIR_FILTER_X2 = const(0x01)
IIR_FILTER_X4 = const(0x02)
IIR_FILTER_X8 = const(0x03)
IIR_FILTER_X16 = const(0x04)
_BMP280_IIR_FILTERS = (IIR_FILTER_DISABLE, IIR_FILTER_X2,
IIR_FILTER_X4, IIR_FILTER_X8, IIR_FILTER_X16)
"""overscan values for temperature, pressure, and humidity"""
OVERSCAN_DISABLE = const(0x00)
OVERSCAN_X1 = const(0x01)
OVERSCAN_X2 = const(0x02)
OVERSCAN_X4 = const(0x03)
OVERSCAN_X8 = const(0x04)
OVERSCAN_X16 = const(0x05)
_BMP280_OVERSCANS = {OVERSCAN_DISABLE:0, OVERSCAN_X1:1, OVERSCAN_X2:2,
OVERSCAN_X4:4, OVERSCAN_X8:8, OVERSCAN_X16:16}
"""mode values"""
MODE_SLEEP = const(0x00)
MODE_FORCE = const(0x01)
MODE_NORMAL = const(0x03)
_BMP280_MODES = (MODE_SLEEP, MODE_FORCE, MODE_NORMAL)
"""
standby timeconstant values
TC_X[_Y] where X=milliseconds and Y=tenths of a millisecond
"""
STANDBY_TC_0_5 = const(0x00) #0.5ms
STANDBY_TC_10 = const(0x06) #10ms
STANDBY_TC_20 = const(0x07) #20ms
STANDBY_TC_62_5 = const(0x01) #62.5ms
STANDBY_TC_125 = const(0x02) #125ms
STANDBY_TC_250 = const(0x03) #250ms
STANDBY_TC_500 = const(0x04) #500ms
STANDBY_TC_1000 = const(0x05) #1000ms
_BMP280_STANDBY_TCS = (STANDBY_TC_0_5, STANDBY_TC_10, STANDBY_TC_20,
STANDBY_TC_62_5, STANDBY_TC_125, STANDBY_TC_250,
STANDBY_TC_500, STANDBY_TC_1000)
[docs]class Adafruit_BMP280: # pylint: disable=invalid-name
"""Base BMP280 object. Use `Adafruit_BMP280_I2C` or `Adafruit_BMP280_SPI` instead of this. This
checks the BMP280 was found, reads the coefficients and enables the sensor for continuous
reads"""
def __init__(self):
# Check device ID.
chip_id = self._read_byte(_REGISTER_CHIPID)
if _CHIP_ID != chip_id:
raise RuntimeError('Failed to find BMP280! Chip ID 0x%x' % chip_id)
#Set some reasonable defaults.
self._iir_filter = IIR_FILTER_DISABLE
self._overscan_temperature = OVERSCAN_X2
self._overscan_pressure = OVERSCAN_X16
self._t_standby = STANDBY_TC_0_5
self._mode = MODE_SLEEP
self._reset()
self._read_coefficients()
self._write_ctrl_meas()
self._write_config()
self.sea_level_pressure = 1013.25
"""Pressure in hectoPascals at sea level. Used to calibrate `altitude`."""
self._t_fine = None
def _read_temperature(self):
# perform one measurement
if self.mode != MODE_NORMAL:
self.mode = MODE_FORCE
# Wait for conversion to complete
while self._get_status() & 0x08:
sleep(0.002)
raw_temperature = self._read24(_REGISTER_TEMPDATA) / 16 # lowest 4 bits get dropped
#print("raw temp: ", UT)
var1 = (raw_temperature / 16384.0 - self._temp_calib[0] / 1024.0) * self._temp_calib[1]
#print(var1)
var2 = ((raw_temperature / 131072.0 - self._temp_calib[0] / 8192.0) * (
raw_temperature / 131072.0 - self._temp_calib[0] / 8192.0)) * self._temp_calib[2]
#print(var2)
self._t_fine = int(var1 + var2)
#print("t_fine: ", self.t_fine)
def _reset(self):
"""Soft reset the sensor"""
self._write_register_byte(_REGISTER_SOFTRESET, 0xB6)
sleep(0.004) #Datasheet says 2ms. Using 4ms just to be safe
def _write_ctrl_meas(self):
"""
Write the values to the ctrl_meas register in the device
ctrl_meas sets the pressure and temperature data acquistion options
"""
self._write_register_byte(_REGISTER_CTRL_MEAS, self._ctrl_meas)
def _get_status(self):
"""Get the value from the status register in the device """
return self._read_byte(_REGISTER_STATUS)
def _read_config(self):
"""Read the value from the config register in the device """
return self._read_byte(_REGISTER_CONFIG)
def _write_config(self):
"""Write the value to the config register in the device """
normal_flag = False
if self._mode == MODE_NORMAL:
#Writes to the config register may be ignored while in Normal mode
normal_flag = True
self.mode = MODE_SLEEP #So we switch to Sleep mode first
self._write_register_byte(_REGISTER_CONFIG, self._config)
if normal_flag:
self.mode = MODE_NORMAL
@property
def mode(self):
"""
Operation mode
Allowed values are set in the MODE enum class
"""
return self._mode
@mode.setter
def mode(self, value):
if not value in _BMP280_MODES:
raise ValueError('Mode \'%s\' not supported' % (value))
self._mode = value
self._write_ctrl_meas()
@property
def standby_period(self):
"""
Control the inactive period when in Normal mode
Allowed standby periods are set the STANDBY enum class
"""
return self._t_standby
@standby_period.setter
def standby_period(self, value):
if not value in _BMP280_STANDBY_TCS:
raise ValueError('Standby Period \'%s\' not supported' % (value))
if self._t_standby == value:
return
self._t_standby = value
self._write_config()
@property
def overscan_temperature(self):
"""
Temperature Oversampling
Allowed values are set in the OVERSCAN enum class
"""
return self._overscan_temperature
@overscan_temperature.setter
def overscan_temperature(self, value):
if not value in _BMP280_OVERSCANS:
raise ValueError('Overscan value \'%s\' not supported' % (value))
self._overscan_temperature = value
self._write_ctrl_meas()
@property
def overscan_pressure(self):
"""
Pressure Oversampling
Allowed values are set in the OVERSCAN enum class
"""
return self._overscan_pressure
@overscan_pressure.setter
def overscan_pressure(self, value):
if not value in _BMP280_OVERSCANS:
raise ValueError('Overscan value \'%s\' not supported' % (value))
self._overscan_pressure = value
self._write_ctrl_meas()
@property
def iir_filter(self):
"""
Controls the time constant of the IIR filter
Allowed values are set in the IIR_FILTER enum class
"""
return self._iir_filter
@iir_filter.setter
def iir_filter(self, value):
if not value in _BMP280_IIR_FILTERS:
raise ValueError('IIR Filter \'%s\' not supported' % (value))
self._iir_filter = value
self._write_config()
@property
def _config(self):
"""Value to be written to the device's config register """
config = 0
if self.mode == MODE_NORMAL:
config += (self._t_standby << 5)
if self._iir_filter:
config += (self._iir_filter << 2)
return config
@property
def _ctrl_meas(self):
"""Value to be written to the device's ctrl_meas register """
ctrl_meas = (self.overscan_temperature << 5)
ctrl_meas += (self.overscan_pressure << 2)
ctrl_meas += self.mode
return ctrl_meas
@property
def measurement_time_typical(self):
"""Typical time in milliseconds required to complete a measurement in normal mode"""
meas_time_ms = 1
if self.overscan_temperature != OVERSCAN_DISABLE:
meas_time_ms += (2 * _BMP280_OVERSCANS.get(self.overscan_temperature))
if self.overscan_pressure != OVERSCAN_DISABLE:
meas_time_ms += (2 * _BMP280_OVERSCANS.get(self.overscan_pressure) + 0.5)
return meas_time_ms
@property
def measurement_time_max(self):
"""Maximum time in milliseconds required to complete a measurement in normal mode"""
meas_time_ms = 1.25
if self.overscan_temperature != OVERSCAN_DISABLE:
meas_time_ms += (2.3 * _BMP280_OVERSCANS.get(self.overscan_temperature))
if self.overscan_pressure != OVERSCAN_DISABLE:
meas_time_ms += (2.3 * _BMP280_OVERSCANS.get(self.overscan_pressure) + 0.575)
return meas_time_ms
@property
def temperature(self):
"""The compensated temperature in degrees celsius."""
self._read_temperature()
return self._t_fine / 5120.0
@property
def pressure(self):
"""
The compensated pressure in hectoPascals.
returns None if pressure measurement is disabled
"""
self._read_temperature()
# Algorithm from the BMP280 driver
# https://github.com/BoschSensortec/BMP280_driver/blob/master/bmp280.c
adc = self._read24(_REGISTER_PRESSUREDATA) / 16 # lowest 4 bits get dropped
var1 = float(self._t_fine) / 2.0 - 64000.0
var2 = var1 * var1 * self._pressure_calib[5] / 32768.0
var2 = var2 + var1 * self._pressure_calib[4] * 2.0
var2 = var2 / 4.0 + self._pressure_calib[3] * 65536.0
var3 = self._pressure_calib[2] * var1 * var1 / 524288.0
var1 = (var3 + self._pressure_calib[1] * var1) / 524288.0
var1 = (1.0 + var1 / 32768.0) * self._pressure_calib[0]
if not var1:
return _BMP280_PRESSURE_MIN_HPA
pressure = 1048576.0 - adc
pressure = ((pressure - var2 / 4096.0) * 6250.0) / var1
var1 = self._pressure_calib[8] * pressure * pressure / 2147483648.0
var2 = pressure * self._pressure_calib[7] / 32768.0
pressure = pressure + (var1 + var2 + self._pressure_calib[6]) / 16.0
pressure /= 100
if pressure < _BMP280_PRESSURE_MIN_HPA:
return _BMP280_PRESSURE_MIN_HPA
if pressure > _BMP280_PRESSURE_MAX_HPA:
return _BMP280_PRESSURE_MAX_HPA
return pressure
@property
def altitude(self):
"""The altitude based on the sea level pressure (`sea_level_pressure`) - which you must
enter ahead of time)"""
p = self.pressure # in Si units for hPascal
return 44330 * (1.0 - math.pow(p / self.sea_level_pressure, 0.1903))
####################### Internal helpers ################################
def _read_coefficients(self):
"""Read & save the calibration coefficients"""
coeff = self._read_register(_REGISTER_DIG_T1, 24)
coeff = list(struct.unpack('<HhhHhhhhhhhh', bytes(coeff)))
coeff = [float(i) for i in coeff]
# The temp_calib lines up with DIG_T# registers.
self._temp_calib = coeff[:3]
self._pressure_calib = coeff[3:]
# print("%d %d %d" % (self._temp_calib[0], self._temp_calib[1], self._temp_calib[2]))
# print("%d %d %d" % (self._pressure_calib[0], self._pressure_calib[1],
# self._pressure_calib[2]))
# print("%d %d %d" % (self._pressure_calib[3], self._pressure_calib[4],
# self._pressure_calib[5]))
# print("%d %d %d" % (self._pressure_calib[6], self._pressure_calib[7],
# self._pressure_calib[8]))
def _read_byte(self, register):
"""Read a byte register value and return it"""
return self._read_register(register, 1)[0]
def _read24(self, register):
"""Read an unsigned 24-bit value as a floating point and return it."""
ret = 0.0
for b in self._read_register(register, 3):
ret *= 256.0
ret += float(b & 0xFF)
return ret
def _read_register(self, register, length):
"""Low level register reading, not implemented in base class"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _write_register_byte(self, register, value):
"""Low level register writing, not implemented in base class"""
raise NotImplementedError()
[docs]class Adafruit_BMP280_I2C(Adafruit_BMP280): # pylint: disable=invalid-name
"""Driver for I2C connected BMP280. Default address is 0x77 but another address can be passed
in as an argument"""
def __init__(self, i2c, address=0x77):
import adafruit_bus_device.i2c_device as i2c_device
self._i2c = i2c_device.I2CDevice(i2c, address)
super().__init__()
def _read_register(self, register, length):
"""Low level register reading over I2C, returns a list of values"""
with self._i2c as i2c:
i2c.write(bytes([register & 0xFF]))
result = bytearray(length)
i2c.readinto(result)
#print("$%02X => %s" % (register, [hex(i) for i in result]))
return result
def _write_register_byte(self, register, value):
"""Low level register writing over I2C, writes one 8-bit value"""
with self._i2c as i2c:
i2c.write(bytes([register & 0xFF, value & 0xFF]))
#print("$%02X <= 0x%02X" % (register, value))
[docs]class Adafruit_BMP280_SPI(Adafruit_BMP280):
"""Driver for SPI connected BMP280. Default clock rate is 100000 but can be changed with
'baudrate'"""
def __init__(self, spi, cs, baudrate=100000):
import adafruit_bus_device.spi_device as spi_device
self._spi = spi_device.SPIDevice(spi, cs, baudrate=baudrate)
super().__init__()
def _read_register(self, register, length):
"""Low level register reading over SPI, returns a list of values"""
register = (register | 0x80) & 0xFF # Read single, bit 7 high.
with self._spi as spi:
# pylint: disable=no-member
spi.write(bytearray([register]))
result = bytearray(length)
spi.readinto(result)
#print("$%02X => %s" % (register, [hex(i) for i in result]))
return result
def _write_register_byte(self, register, value):
"""Low level register writing over SPI, writes one 8-bit value"""
register &= 0x7F # Write, bit 7 low.
with self._spi as spi:
# pylint: disable=no-member
spi.write(bytes([register, value & 0xFF]))